Technical activities ‒ LTS4 ‐ EPFL

Conference organization

General co-Chair, IEEE ICIP 2022
General Chair, IEEE Data Science Workshop 2018
General Chair, GSP Workshop, 2018
General Chair, IEEE ICME 2002
General Chair, PacketVideo 2007
Technical Program Chair, IEEE ICIP 2014
Technical Program Chair, EUSPICO 2008
Technical Program Chair, SPIE/IEEE VCIP 2010
Tehcnical Program Vice Chair, IEEE ICME 2009
Technical Program Area Chair, IEEE ICME 2004, 2005, 2008
Technical Program Area Chair, IEEE ICIP 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015
Technical Program Area Chair, IEEE ICASSP 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
Technical Program Area Chair, ACM Multimedia 2013
Technical Program co-Chair, IEEE ISM 2008
Technical Program Vice-Chair, IEEE ISM 2006
Technical Program Track Chair, PCM 2007
Technical Program co-Chair, MobiMedia 2006
Technical Program Co-Chair, Workshop on Advanced video streaming techniques for P2P networks and social networking, in ACM MM 2010
Co-Chair, IEEE Workshop on Emerging Technology in Multimedia Communication & Networking, 2009
Co-Chair, IEEE GLOBECOM 2007, Symposium on Multimedia Communications, Software and Services
Co-Chair, IEEE ICC 2007, Multimedia Communications Symposium
Co-Chair, IEEE GLOBECOM 2006, Multimedia Communications Symposium
Vice-Chair, 1st International Symposium on Multimedia over Wireless, ISMW2005 (in WirelessCom’2005)
Co-Chair, ISMW2006 (in IWCMC 2006)
Organizing committee, IEEE ICIP 2011, 2014, 2017
Organizing committee, IEEE ICME 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2020
Organizing committee, IEEE MMSP 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2017
Organizing committee, IEEE ISM 2005, 2007, 2011
Organzing committee, IEEE Hot3D workshop, ICME 2013
TPC member, ICML 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020
TPC member, NIPS 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019
TPC member, ICLR 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019
TPC member, IEEE CVPR 2018
TPC member, AISTATS 2019, 2020
TPC member, IEEE GlobalSIP Symposium on Graph Signal Processing 2013, 2018
TPC member, IEEE GlobalSIP Mobile Imaging Symposium 2013
TPC member, IEEE GlobalSIP Symposium on New Sensing and Statistical Inference Methods 2013
TPC member, IEEE Workshop on Green Multimedia, ICME 2013
TPC member, IEEE Hot3D workshop, ICME 2013
TPC member, ACM Multimedia 2002, 2009, 2010, 2016, 2018
TPC member, IEEE ICME 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
TPC member, IEEE ICIP 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020
TPC member, IEEE ICASSP 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019
TPC member, IEEE GLOBECOM 2003, 2005
TPC member, IEEE ICC 2004, 2005, 2010
TPC member, IEEE DCC 2018
TPC member, IEEE MMSP 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018
TPC member, NetCod 2012
TPC member, IEEE VCIP 2011, 2012, 2014
TPC member, IEEE SSP 2012
Review Committee member, IEEE ISCAS 2006, 2007, 2008
TPC member, IEEE ISM 2005
TPC member, MMCN 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
TPC member, ACM MMSys 2012, 2016, 2017, 2018
TPC member, ACM NOSSDAV 2016
TPC member, Packet Video workshop, 2013, 2015, 2018
TPC member, PCS 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2016, 2018
TPC member, IEEE CCNC 2006, 2007
TPC member, EUSIPCO 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2017, 2018
TPC member, 1st ACM Workshop on Mobile Video, in conjunction with ACM MM 2007
TPC member, MMM 2008
TPC member, ACM/IEEE ICDSC 2008
TPC member, IEEE MoViD 2008, 2010, 2012
TPC member, ECCV workshop on Multi-camera and Multi-modal Sensor Fusion Algorithms and Applications, 2008
TPC member, IEEE Workshop on multiMedia Applications over Wireless Networks (MediaWiN), 2011
TPC member, IEEE Workshop on Multimedia-Aware Networking (WoMAN 2011)
TPC member, IEEE ICC 2012 Workshop on Realizing Advanced Video Optimized Wireless Networks
TPC member, 3DTV Conference 2015
TPC member, IEEE IVMSP Workshop 2018
TPC member, IEEE MLSP Workshop 2018
Chair of the IEEE ICME Steering committee (2006-2007)
Steering committee member, IEEE ICME (2001-2009)
Steering committee member, PCS (2005-)
Steering committee member, Packet Video (2007-)
Steering committee member, IEEE AVSS (2015-)
Advisory committee, NIME 2004 (GLOBECOM workshop)
Advisory committee, ISMW 2007
EURASIP Local Liaison Officer, 2009-
TPC member: VCIP 2003, IEEE ITRE 2003, 2004, 2005, ICCCAS 2004, 2005, MSAN 2005, ICETE 2005, IEEE International Workshop on Adaptive Wireless Networks (in GLOBECOM 2005), IEEE NIME 2006, WMSN’06, SIGMAP 2006, IEEE MultiComm workshop (in ICC 2006), IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT) 2006, IMMERSCOM 2007, IEEE ICCCN 2007

Technical Societies

IEEE SPS Fellow Evaluation Committee, 2021
IEEE Image, Video and MultiDimensional Signal Processing Technical Committee, member (2007-2012) – Award subcommittee chair (2010-2011) – Vice- Chair (Chair Elect) (2012-2013) – Chair (2014-2015) – Past Chair (2016-2017)
IEEE Multimedia Signal Processing Technical Committee, member (2004-2007, 2016-)
IEEE Multimedia Communications Technical Committee, Vice-Chair Europe/Africa (2004-2006), Chair of the Media Streaming Interest Group (2004-2006), Vice-Chair Conferences (2006-2008), Steering Committee Chair (2012-2014)
IEEE Multimedia Systems and Applications Technical Committee, member (2005-)
IEEE Visual Signal Processing and Communications Technical Committee, member (2006-)
Member of GRETSI (2007-2013)
IEEE Signal Processing Society, IEEE Communications Society, IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Information Theory Society
ACM SIGMM, ACM SIGCOMM
IEEE Fellow
ELLIS Fellow

Journal editorship

Editor-in-Chief, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (2018-2020)
Steering Committee Member, IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks (2017- )
Associate Editor, IEEE Open Journal of Signal Processing (2019-2021)
Associate Editor, SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences (2020-)
Senior Area Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (2015-2018)
Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on Big Data (2015-2018)
Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions in Image Processing (2010-2014)
Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (2004-2012)
Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (2006-2011)
Associate Editor, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, E-Newsletter (2008-2010)
Member of the Editorial Board, Journal of Advances in Multimedia (2006-2009)
Member of the Editorial Board, Journal of Signal, Image and Video Processing (2006-2013)
Member of the Editorial Board, Computer Networks (Elsevier) Journal (2007-2008)
Member of the Editorial Board, International Journal of Semantic Computing (2006-)
Member of the Editorial Board of Signal Processing (2003-2005)

Special issues – Guest Editor

Special issue on Graph Signal Processing, IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing and IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks, September 2017
Special issue on Quality-of-Experience (QoE)-Aware Design in Next-Generation Wireless Networks, IEEE Network, November 2015
Special Issue on Visual Computing in the Cloud: Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, June 2016
Special issue on 3D Video Representation, Compression, Rendering, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, September 2013
Special issue on 3D Video Streaming, IEEE Communications Magazine, May 2013
Special issue on ‘Interactive Multimedia‘, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, October 2011.
Special issue on ‘Distributed Image Processing and Communications‘, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, May 2011.
Special issue on ‘Wireless Multimedia Transmission Technology and Application‘, ACM/Springer Multimedia Systems Journal, July 2011.
Special issue on ‘Multi-camera information processing: acquisition, collaboration, interpretation and production‘, EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, 2010.
Special Issue on ‘Resource-Aware Adaptive Video Streaming‘, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, December 2008.
Special Issue on ‘Quality Issues in Multimedia Broadcasting‘, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, September 2008.
Special Issue on ‘Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks‘, COMPUTER NETWORKS Journal (Elsevier), April 2008.
Special Issue on ‘Cross-layer Wireless Multimedia Communications‘, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. May 2007.
Special Issue on ‘Mobile Video‘, Signal Processing: Image Communications. Spring 2007.
Special Issue on ‘Streaming Media‘, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, April 2004.
Special Issue on ‘Media and Communication Applications on General Purpose Processors: Hardware and Software Issues‘, Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology, September 2005.
Special Issue on ‘Image and Video Coding Beyond Standards’, Journal of Signal Processing, November 2002.

Special sessions organization

Omnidirectional video communications: from content capture to distribution and consumption, IEEE MMSP 2017
Recent Advances in the Emerging Field of Signal Processing on Graphs, IEEE ICASSP 2016
Dictionary learning for sparse signal representations, IEEE ICASSP 2010
Network coding for multimedia streaming, IEEE ICME 2009
Multi-user collaboration and cross-layer optimization in wireless multimedia communication, IEEE ICME 2006
Next generation video representation, PCS 2006
Distributed Stream Processing: A Task-driven Signal Processing Perspective, IEEE ICASSP 2006
Distributed Media Streaming, IEEE CCNC 2006
Redundant representations and their applications to visual communications at IEEE ICIP 2003

Thesis committees

Ali Pahlevan, ‘Multi-Objective System-Level Management of Modern Green Data Centers’, EPFL (Advisor: David Atienza), April 2019.
Irene Viola, ‘Compression and visual quality assessment for light field contents’, EPFL (Advisor: Touradj Ebrahimi), March 2019.
Do Hoang Nam Le, ‘Multimodal person recognition in audio-visual streams’, EPFL (Advisors: Jean-Marc Odobez), March 2019.
Tiago De Freitas Pereira, ‘Learning How To Recognize Faces In Heterogeneous Environments’, EPFL (Advisors: Sébastien Marcel, Hervé Bourlard), February 2019.
Adrien Besson, ‘Imaging From Echoes : On Inverse Problems in Ultrasound’, EPFL (Advisors: Jean-Philippe Thiran, Yves Wiaux), January 2019.
Francesco Grassi, ‘Statistical and Graph-Based Signal Processing: Fundamental Results and Application to Cardiac Electrophysiology’, Politecnico di Torino (Advisor: Lorenzo Galleani), July 2018.
Xiao Pu, ‘Word Sense Consistency in Statistical and Neural Machine Translation’, EPFL (Advisors: Andrei Popescu-Belis and Hervé Bourlard), June 2018.
Anne-Flore Perrin, ‘Context-based Quality of Experience in Immersive Multimedia’, EPFL (Advisor: Touradj Ebrahimi), June 2018.
Kevin Barbieux, ‘Multispectral Remote Sensing of Large Lakes’, EPFL (Advisor: Bertrand Merminod), March 2018.
Sasan Yazdani, ‘Novel Low Complexity Biomedical Signal Processing Techniques for Online Applications’, EPFL (Advisor: Jean-Marc Vesin), March 2018.
Wissam Halimi, ‘Topics in Educational Cyber-Physical Labs: Configurations, Data Collection and Analysis’, EPFL (Advisors: Denis Gillet and Christophe Salzmann), February 2018.
Brunella Spinelli, ‘Localizing the Source of an Epidemic Using Few Observations’, EPFL (Advisors: Patrick Thiran and Elisa Celis), January 2018.
Cijo Jose, ‘Learning embeddings: efficient algorithms and applications’, EPFL (Advisor: François Fleuret), December 2017.
Bastien Pasdeloup, ‘From signals to translations… and beyond!’, Telecom Bretagne (Advisors: Dominique Pastor, Grégoire Mercier and Vincent Gripon), December 2017.
Ajay Tanwani, ‘Generative Models for Leanring Robot Manipulation Skills from Humans’, EPFL (Advisors: Sylvain Calinon and Herve Bourlard), December 2017.
Mohammad Azadifar, ‘Characteristics of Upward Lightning Flashes’, EPFL (Advisors: Mario Paolone and Farhad Rachidi), September 2017.
Johann Paratte, ‘Graph-based Methods for Visualization and Clustering’, EPFL (Advisor: Pierre Vandergheynst), September 2017.
Aurélie Pirayre, ‘Reconstruction and Clustering with Graph optimization and Priors on Gene networks and Images’, Université Paris-Est (Advisors: Jean-Christophe Pesquet, Laurent Duval, Camille Couprie and Frédérique Bidard-Michelot), July 2017.
Nathanael Perraudin, ‘Graph-based structures in Data Science: Fundamental limits and applications to Machine Learning’, EPFL (Advisor: Pierre Vandergheynst), March 2017
Pedram Pad, ‘Optimal Representation of Sparse Stochastic Processes’, EPFL (Advisor: Michael Unser), Februrary 2017.
Marija Nikolic, ‘Data-driven fundamental models for pedestrian movements’, EPFL (Advisor: Michel Bierlaire), February 2017
Lyudmila Yartseva, ‘Network Alignment and Network Assembly: Inferring Networks from Noisy Observations’, EPFL (Advisor: Matthias Grossglauser), January 2017
Alireza Ghasemi, ‘Bound and Conquer: Properties, Algorithms, and Applications of Multi-Camera Imaging’, EPFL (Advisors: Martin Vetterli and Adam Scholefield), January 2017
Kirell Benzi, ‘From Recommender Systems to Spatio-Temporal Dynamics with Network Science’, EPFL (Advisor: Pierre Vandergheynst), December 2016
Olivier Canevet, ‘Object Detection with Active Sample Harvesting ‘, EPFL (Advisor: Francois Fleuret), October 2016
Darshan Santani, ‘Computational Analysis of Urban Places using Mobile Crowdsensing’, EPFL (Advisor: Daniel Gatica-Perez), September 2016
Zhou Xue, ‘Sampling Models in Light Fields’, EPFL (Advisors: Martin Vetterli and Loïc Baboulaz), May 2016
Ye Pu, ‘Splitting Methods for Distributed Optimization and Control’, EPFL (Advisors: Colin Jones and Melanie Zeilinger), April 2016
Mostafa Nick, ‘Optimal Planning and Operaton of Dispersed Energy Storage Systems in Active Distribution Networks’, EPFL (Advisors: Mario Paolone and Rachid Cherkaoui), April 2016
Kerem Seyid, ‘Hardware Implementation and Applications of High Performance Multiple Camera Architectures’, EPFL (Advisor: Yusuf Leblebici), April 2016
Miroslav Popovic, ‘Redundant Communication-Networks for Smart Grids’, EPFL (Advisor: Jean-Yves Le Boudec), March 2016
Philippe Hanhart, ‘Quality of Experience in Immersive Video Technologies’, EPFL (Advisor: Touradj Ebrahimi), March 2016
Vincent Etter, ‘Combine and Conquer: Mining Social Systems for Prediction’, EPFL (Advisors: Patrick Thiran and Matthias Grossglauser), October 2015
Cédric Verleysen, ‘3D estimation and intermediate view interpolation in wide-baseline stereo setups’, UCL, Belgium (Advisor: Christophe de Vleeschouwer), August 2015
Karim Kanoun, ‘Energy-Efficient Multi-Core Scheduling for Multimedia Streaming and Big Data Applications’, EPFL (Advisor: David Atienza), August 2015
Zafer Dogan, ‘Non-linear Recovery of Sparse Signal Representations with Applications to Temporal and Spatial Localization’, EPFL (Advisor: Dimitri van de Ville, Thierry Blu), March 2015
Abdulkadir Akin, ‘Real-Time High-Resolution Multiple-Camera Depth Map Estimation Hardware and Its Applications’, EPFL (Advisor: Yusuf Leblebici, Alexandre Schmid), March 2015
Mahdy Nabaee, ‘Quantized network coding of correlated sources in wireless sensor networks’, McGill University (Advisor: Fabrice Labeau), October 2014.
Giona Matasci, ‘Domain Adaptation in Remote Sensing: Increasing the Portability of Land-Cover Classifiers’, University of Lausanne (Advisors: Mikhail Kanevski and Devis Tuia), June 2014.
Shivani Raghav, ‘Scalable Simulation Methodologies for Many-Core Heterogeneous Systems’, EPFL (Advisor: David Atienza), May 2014.
Yuxuan Ji, ‘Spatial and temporal analysis of congestion in urban transportation networks’, EPFL (Advisor: Nikolas Geroliminis), February 2014.
Eduardo Martinez Enriquez, ‘Lifting Transforms on Graphs and their Application to Video Coding’, PhD thesis, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Advisors: Prof Fernando Diaz de Maria and Prof. Antonio Ortega), December 2013.
Marija Uscumlic, ‘Exploiting Recognition of Natural Visual Stimuli for Brain Computer Interfacing’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. José del R. Millán), October 2013.
Dr Marco Cagnazzo, ‘Codage des données visuelles: efficacité, robustesse transmission’, HDR, University of Paris 6. September 2013.
Virginia Estellers, ‘Geometric variational models for inverse problems in imaging’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. J.-P. Thiran), June 2013.
Irina Nemoianu, ‘Network Coding for Advanced Video Applications’, PhD thesis, Telecom ParisTech (Advisor Prof. B. Pesquet-Popescu), June 2013.
Joan-Isaac Biel, ‘Advanced Social Media Analysis’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Dr Daniel Gatica-Perez), May 2013.
Christopher Gilliam, ‘Adaptive Plenoptic Sampling: Theory and Applications’, PhD thesis, Imperial College, UK (Advisors Dr Pier Luigi Dragotti and Dr Mike Brookes), November 2012.
Jagan Varadarajan, ‘Sequential Topic Models for Mining Recurrent Activities and their Relationships: Application to long term video recordings’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Dr Jean-Marc Odobez), July 2012.
Claudio Greco, ‘Robust broadcast of real-time video over wireless network’, PhD thesis, Telecom ParisTech (Advisor Prof. Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu), July 2012.
Francesca de Simone, ’Selected contributions to multimedia quality assessment’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor T. Ebrahimi), May 2012.
Jean-Marc Thiesse, ’Flexible video coding in a rate-distortion-complexity optimisation framework’, PhD thesis, University of Nice (Advisor Dr Marc Antonini), April 2012.
Valerio Bioglio, ’Data dissemination in distributed systems using rateless codes’, PhD thesis, Politecnico Torino (Advisor Prof. Marco Grangetto), January 2012.
Igor Curcio, ‘QoS Aspects of Mobile Multimedia Applications’, PhD thesis, TUT (Advisor Prof. M. Gabbouj), April 2011.
Ermin Kozica, ‘Paradigms for Real-Time Video Communication and for Video Distribution’, PhD thesis, KTH (Advisor Prof. Bastiaan Kleijn), April 2011.
Katayoun Farrahi, ‘A Probabilistic Approach to Socio-Geographic Reality Mining’, PhD thesis, EPFL / IDIAP (Advisor Dr Daniel Gatica-Perez), March 2011.
Thomas Maugey, ‘Distributed video coding of multiview sequences’, PhD thesis, ENST (Advisor Prof. B. Pesquet-Popescu), November 2010.
Aurélie Martin, ‘Sparse representations adapted to image compression’, PhD thesis, University of Rennes 1 (Advisors C. Guillemot, J.-J. Fuchs and D. Thoreau), April 2010.
Nicolas Tizon, ‘Scalable video coding for transmission over wireless networks’, PhD thesis, ENST (Advisor Prof. B. Pesquet-Popescu), December 2009.
Wei Tu, ‘Proxy-based Video Transmission: Error Resiliency, Resource Allocation, and Dynamic Caching’, PhD thesis, TUM (Advisor Prof. E. Steinbach), February 2009.
Maciej Kurant, ‘Robustness to Failures in Two-Layer Communication Networks’, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. P. Thiran), December 2008.
François-Olivier Devaux, “JPEG 2000 and parity bit replenishment for remote video browsing”, PhD thesis, UCL (Advisor Prof. C. de Vleeschouwer), July 2008.
Martin Röder, “Efficient Rate-Distortion Optimized Media Streaming”, PhD thesis, University of Konstanz (Advisor Prof. R. Hamzaoui), June 2007.
Lorenzo Peotta, “Algorithms and Methods for Sparse Approximation in Structured Dictionaries “, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. P. Vandergheynst), June 2007.
Roberto Costantini, “Compact Representation for Status and Dynamic Texture Synthesis”, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. S. Susstrunk, Dr L. Sbaiz), June 2007.
Vivien Chappelier, “Progressive coding of images with oriented wavelets”, PhD thesis, University of Rennes (Advisor Dr C. Guillemot), December 2005.
Adel Rahmoune, “Image and Video Representation and Scalable Coding using Redundant Dictionaries”, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. P. Vandergheynst), July 2005.
Rosa Maria Figuera i Ventura, “Sparse Image Approximation with Application to Flexible Image Coding”, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. P. Vandergheynst), June 2005.
Renzo Posega , “Advanced OFDM systems for terrestrial multimedia links “, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. D. Mlynek), March 2005.
Mauro Lattuada, “Efficient Error Correction Solutions for Wireless Digital Video”, PhD thesis, EPFL (Advisor Prof. D. Mlynek), Dec. 2004.
Philippe de Cuetos, “Network and Content Adaptive Streaming of Layered-Encoded Video over the Internet”, PhD thesis, Eurecom – ENST Paris (Advisor Prof. K.W. Ross), Sep. 2003.

Reviewer for:

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transcations on Circuits and Systems (Part II), IEEE Transactions on Communication, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, IEEE Communication Letters, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, IEEE Communications Magazine, Signal Processing, IEE Proceedings – Vision, Image and Signal Processing, EURASIP JASP, SPIE Journal of Electronic Imaging, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, ACM Mutimedia Systems
IEEE INFOCOM, IEEE ICIP, IEEE ICASSP, IEEE ICME, IEEE GLOBECOM, IEEE ICC, IEEE VTC, IEEE ISCAS, IEEE MMSP, 3DTV, ACM Multimedia, ICML, ICLR, IEEE CVPR, NeurIPS.

Expert for:

Swiss National Science Foundation
French National Agency for Research
Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research
Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO)
European Research Council (ERC)
Academy of Finland